Platos Philosophy of Education Its Implication for Current Education - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2033 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/06/19 Category Education Essay Level High school Topics: Philosophy Of Education Essay Did you like this example? Abstract To conceive the ideal city and individual, we would need to have the ideal education. Education gives us a knowledge of the world around us and changes it into something better. It develops in us a perspective of looking at life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Platos Philosophy of Education: Its Implication for Current Education" essay for you Create order It helps us build opinions and have points of view on things in life. The current education faces a lot of challenges and we would not be well-balanced individuals without an ideal education. Therefore, having a proper education is important to keep the components balanced. This research shows the philosophy of Plato implication for current education. Keywords: Education, Plato, The Republic Exploring Education in The Republic and the modern world Introduction Plato believes that education is a means of achieving justice, including individual justice and social justice. According to Plato, when each individual dedicates the most of their abilities, they can gain personal justice. In this sense, justice means excellence, which means virtue for the Greeks and Plato. Socrates believes that virtue is knowledge and it must be fair. Plato concludes that virtue can be obtained through three stages of knowledge development: knowledge of ones own job, self-knowledge, and knowledge of the Idea of the Good. According to Plato in The Republic, social justice can be achieved when all social classes in a society, workers, warriors, and rulers are in a harmonious relationship. In the Republic, all people can easily remain in harmony when the society gives them equal educational opportunity from an early age to compete fairly one and each other. An unfair society will emerge without equal educational opportunity. Under this circumstances, it will lead to timocracy, oligarchy, defective democracy, or tyranny. Modern education in western countries has greatly contributed to developing their societies in economic terms. Nevertheless, education in those countries has its own problems. In particular the college entrance examination in China, Korea and other East Asian countries caused serious social injustices and problems: unequal educational opportunity, lack of character education, financial burden on parents, and so on. Therefore, to achieve justice, modern world needs Plato theory education as Platos educational philosophy will provide a comprehensive vision to solve these problems in education. There is also some controversy about the relationship between education and the economy. Enterprises should indirectly control and even take over education in order to compete economically with other countries. However, Plato disagrees with this view because business is primarily concerned with profit, while true education focuses on the common interests of rational principles based on individual and social justice. Women Education First, everything always begins with man and ends with man, include education. This is a patriarchal world since ancient times. Man is the center of education, just like the sun is the center of the solar system. However, the Republic of Plato emphases on women education. Plato considers the same education for both man and woman. Women should get the same physical and educational training. The main aim of Plato was that each member of the society should undertakes his or her work and responsibility. Plato believed that women and men are equal although some women are physically smaller or weak. Therefore, those women who are physically strong should be allowed to receive the same education that men do. In the Republic, Plato describes how male and female receive the same education and be given the same duties in society as given to the male member. Here is the proof of Plato’s ideas in women education. According to the U.S statistics it shows that women have high rating in education. Women who graduate with a bachelors degree achieved 23.7 percent and men achieved 27.5 percent. This proves that women in general are able to do as well as men even in academics and thus have the right to be treated with equality. Unfortunately, education access is still unequal in many countries across the world, where women are often denied access. Although there has been notable progress in women’ education around the world, research shows that millions of girls are still unable to receive education. In 2013, UNESCO estimated that 31 million girls of primary school age and a further 32 million of lower secondary school age did not access school. The situation is worse in developing countries such as those in Sub-Saharan and South and West Asia. Women deserve to have a quality education in order for them to prove their worth in society, to maximize their potential and to develop their talents to be an important contributor to mankind and to have a productive and peaceful life in the community. Accourding to Plato, a country‘s success depends on the equality of education. Plato holds that, to protect and maintain the new city, both men and women should receive the same education. â€Å"The fastest way to change society is to mobilize the women of the world.† Lebanese academic and Philosopher Charles Malikleo said. The Arts Platos educational proposals is aimed at promoting this sort of society for citizens and protecting themselves from all threats foreign and domestic. For this reason, he says that the most important courses for young children are gymnastics and music. Physical training is to lead to overall health, and in particular to fitness for military service. Therefore, Plato says that all athletic competition and training must be in realistic armor, and must focus on martial skills such as archery, riding, running, throwing javelin and so on. Besides that, he also includes dancing in physical education, seeking here to teach grace and agility of movement. Furthermore, as he says earlier, dancing is an essential element in the chorus, which is essential as a religious and communal activity. A good soul produces a good body, and that a healthy intellect ensures a healthy body. Therefore, by eating and drinking moderately and undertaking a simple physical exercise plan from youth, the body will be as fit as is needed. Gymnastics is mainly responsible for preventing illness and the need for medicine in the city. Plato may never have devoted a dialogue to music, but music suffused his entire work. Music, include singing is important for mental training, just as physical culture is essential for bodily training. Music trains the people to be patient and skill, and it trains the character by its stirring rhythms as much as by its words: valorous songs to encourage bravery, hymns to foster piety, gentle songs to promote caring and mutual support. While choral singing in particular honors the gods and brings community members together in harmony. Therefore, Plato considered choral singing so important that he suggested it should be mandatory for all citizens from childhood through old age. In the anthropological dimension, the body is confronted with the soul, the latter being educated by music, the former by gymnastics, thus taking as the basis of body education the principles of harmony, rhythm, i.e., of order, from musical education. The word ‘music’ should not, however, be understood in its current sense, as in The Republic it represents the totality of the formative means for the soul, translatable into notions such as harmony, melody, rhythm, order, measure, and number, which form the beautiful education. In this modern society, people often neglect music and gymnastics in order to finish the homework. We can see that the teachers cancel music and gymnastics class for the preparation of college entrance exam. Under this situation, the teenagers did not receive the education of music and gymnastics that he supposed to know. Clearly, we are never going to adopt the legal system Plato advocates, where music is regulated by the state and only government approved tunes, rhythms and lyrics are allowed. Plato believed that music has an influence on the soul. By making it compulsory to learn music, peoples soul can be good and just. Learning music is not a goal in itself, however, but a means of attaining goodness, and it should be combined with gymnastics. What we need to learn is Platos knowledge of music and gymnastics, which can help us better understand why we need to learn. The implementation of music and gymnastics education depends on different countries. Teaching Methods Plato recommended play method at elementary level. He encourages that student should learn by doing. When student reached the higher level of education, his reason would be trained in the processes of thinking and abstracting. We can see that Plato wants motivation and interest in learning. He is against the use of force in education. Plato writes in the Republic â€Å"Bodily exercise, when compulsory, does no harm to the body, but knowledge which is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind† and â€Å"The most effective kind of education is that a child should play amongst lovely things.† Plato gives importance to nursery education. According to Plato, nursery education plays a vital role in the education of people which will affect the whole life. It helps to build his moral character and state of mind. Plato writes that The most important part of education is proper training in the nursery. Plato describes the different stages of his education in the Republic. According to Plato, childrens education should be start at the age of seven. Before this stage, children should stay with their mothers or elders and learn moral education. After the age of six years both girls and boys should be separated. Under this situation, boys should play with boys and girls can only play with girls. Besides that, they should be taught the use of different arms to both sexes. This stage goes up to the age of seventeen years. During these years, music and early education for them is mandatory. After the age of seventeen years, the youth should be brought to battle filed to learn real life experiences. The four stages start at the age of twenty five to thirty years. In this age, they get the training of Mathematical calculation and last for another ten years, after the completion the selected one’s are admitted in the study of dialect. During fifth stage they study dialect for another five years and after that, at the sixth stage one is ready to become a ruler and philosopher and the one enter in practical life. The Chinese saying Three years old fixes eighty () means roughly: From the character and personality traits revealed by a three year old, one can infer that he will have similar traits as an eighty year old. As the childs brain development has been completed 80% at zero to three years old, and 90% at the age of six. After the age of three, the way children talk, the way of personality has been formed. Children from zero to three years old can understand, feel, but not express. This stage is the process of absorption and accumulation of wisdom. What education gives to children, what they absorb. In our society, we can see that the parents really give importance to the early education of their children. They don’t want to lose at the starting line so they put a lot of time and money for finding the best education for their children. Besides that, most of the children under pressure of learning as parents force them to learn some skills such as piano, violin, sketch and others since their childhood. According to Socrates, he encourages playing methods for a child and discipline methods for a teenagers. Study under pressure may leads to physical problem. Every parents should consider to find a suitable method for their children. Conclusion The certain world is complicated as people don’t care about education too much. Win at the starting point is more important for them as they can reach their goals in the college entrance exam. However, this is not the Republic of Plato. Platos philosophy of education aims at preparing learners for future life. The college entrance exam or a payable job will not be the only future life. The aim of education is to enable a person to acquire the knowledge of this cause of the causes, the absolute good. Education prepares a man for the vision of absolute reality. That is the reason that education right from the beginning is a preparation for the future.

Ethical Issues on the Treatment of Animals Essay - 722 Words

Animals have always played an essential role in many aspects of this world. Some people look upon these roles with favoritism, some with disgust. Animals are considered different from humans by some people because of their behavior, mannerisms or actions. Some animals are used as food by humans and other animals, while others are trapped for their furs. Many times people acquire animals for pets, only to neglect or mistreat them. For many years, the ethical treatment of animals has been a very controversial topic for moral discussion, often in reference to an ethical code or rule. In this paper, I will discuss these ethical issues identified with the treatment of animals as well as exploring these issues from a virtual ethicist’s†¦show more content†¦From a religious aspect, God also puts the fear of man into the animals and again animals are used to fill the needs of men (Genesis 9:1). A virtual ethicist’s perspective is fairly simple to relate to. Our text book clarifies that â€Å"virtue ethics promotes a particular kind of person—a virtuous or noble person—who provides a role model for those who wishes to be moral† (Mosser, 2011). Therefore, relationship with animals, from a virtue ethicist’s standpoint, would support virtuous or moral values. As a virtuous person, a choice could be to abstain from eating animals and from wearing fur or, perhaps, keeping a low environmental impact lifestyle. An advantage of virtue ethics is that it brings in all the qualities of being human such as reason, responsibility and emotion to influence a person’s ethical consideration. This can be applied in situations where a person asks what sort of person he or she should be. However, our text book clarifies that â€Å"determining what the specific virtues are, and what the appropriate balance among those virtues should be, can be difficult† (Mosser, 2011). Are peoples statements about animal rights meaningful? 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Superstition and Daily Life Dealings Free Essays

What does the word superstition mean to you? We really find it difficult to define it. According to one simple definition, feelings or believes involving fear of some unseen forces is called superstition. For example, if a person believes that by wearing some kind of charm he will be protected from evil spirits and bad luck and without wearing It he will be under the influence of some unseen forces and also he will have bad luck. We will write a custom essay sample on Superstition and Daily Life Dealings or any similar topic only for you Order Now This kind of feelings or believes which involve fear of unseen forces, which can’t be proved, is called superstition and those people ho have such kind of believes are known as superstitious people. This kind of people believes in signs and numbers of good luck and bad luck and their whole live are greatly affected by these signs and numbers. How did Superstitions Begin? It is almost impossible to say that when people started believing in signs and numbers because there are many things all of us believe in that can’t be proved. At certain times In man’s history, and even today, everyone believed In certain things that now we regard as superstitions. At that time science was not as much developed as today, so those things and events which wondered and righted people at that time. They started believing In them and became superstitious. For instance, when they went under the trees at night time, they felt uncomfortable breathing. As they didn’t know any authentic reason behind this fact so they started beveling that to go under trees at night time Invites the anger of Ghost which makes their breathing uncomfortable in order to harm them. But, today we all know that trees absorb oxygen at night time and the deficiency of oxygen under trees at night makes our breathing uncomfortable Instead of Ghost. Similarly they believed that the shadow or reflection of a person is a part of soul. So, to break those things on which this shadow appeared was regarded as to harm the soul. So they considered it unlucky to break a mirror. Today If someone considers it unlucky to break mirror or believes that to go under the trees at night invites the anger of Ghost, we will definitely call him superstitious because today we no longer believe in these kind of â€Å"foolish† reasons which long time ago people believed. So superstition is actually a belief or practice that people cling to after new knowledge or facts have appeared to disprove them. That’s why it is impossible to say hen superstitions began. Some Familiar Superstitions: We can find superstitious people almost in every society, every country and In every religion although less in numbers than past. In past people TLD know about sun, stars, moon, and comets etc. So they made up explanations about their motion and followed certain practices to protect themselves from the influence of their motion on life. This is very common even today and become a commercial under the name of â€Å"Horoscope†. If a black cat crosses the way of a person, then that is considered as unlucky for that person. Another superstition which is very common in Europe and America Is â€Å"Friday The 13th†. When a Friday guests are expected. Some people wear stone made rings and believe that when bad luck is ahead , these stones change their color or they break down. Some people wear amulet and believe that this will protect from evil spirits. Some believe that if owls live in a house then that house will be ruined. Many people have their lucky numbers and they believe in them. There are many other superstitions which seem to be Joyful and Joke for us but they change the entire lives of those who believe in them. How to avoid Superstition? Superstitious people live their lives under the influence of unseen forces and fear. They cannot live a normal life. They are extra-careful in their daily life dealings. To keep yourselves away from these kind of feelings and believe Just believe in God Almighty, Who decided the fortune of man before man’s birth. So nothing can influence your lives. Superstitions are strictly denied in Islam. In any trouble, pay attentions towards Allah Almighty and seek His help. Find the genuine and scientific reasons behind the facts (instead of believing their influence or power as superstitious people do) and enjoy the life. How to cite Superstition and Daily Life Dealings, Essays

Morning in Nagrebcan free essay sample

Download this Document for Free him with his fists. He accompaniedevery blowwith a curse. I hope you die, youlittledemon,he said between sobs, forhewas crying and he could hardly see. Ambowriggled and struggled and tried tobite Baldos legs. Failing,he buriedhis face inthe sand and howled lustily. Baldo nowleft him and ran tothe black-spottedpuppy which he caughtup in his arms, holdingitagainsthis throat. Ambo followed, crying out threatsand curses. He grabbedthe tailofthe puppyand jerked hard.The puppy howled shrilly and Baldo let it go,but Ambo kept hold ofthe tail as the dogfell tothe ground. Itturnedaroundand snappedat the hand holding itstail. Its sharp little teeth sank into the fleshy edge of Ambos palm. With a cry, Ambo snatchedaway his handfrom the mouth ofthe enragedpuppy. Atthat moment the windowofthe house facing the streetwas pushedviolentlyopen and the boys father,Tang Ciaco, looked out. He saw the blood fromthe toothmarksonAmbos hand. He called out inarticulatelyand the twobrotherslookedup in surpriseand fear. Ambohid his bittenhandbehindhim. Baldo stoppedtopick upthe black-spottedpuppy,butTang Ciaco shoutedhoarselytohim not to touch the dog. AtTang Ciacos angry voice, the puppy had crouched back snarling,its pink lips drawn back, the hair onits back rising. The doghas gone mad,the man cried,coming downhurriedly. Bythe stove in the kitchen,he stoppedto get a sizeablepieceoffirewood,throwing an angry look and a curseatNana Elang forlettingher sons play with the dogs. He removedasplinterortwo,then hurrieddownthe ladder, cursingin aloud angry voice.Nana Elang ran tothe doorway and stood there silently fingering herskirt. Baldo and Ambo awaited the coming oftheir fatherwith fear written ontheir faces. Baldohated hisfather asmuch ashefearedhim. He watchedhim nowwith half amind toflee asTang Ciaco approachedwith the pieceoffirewood held firmly in one hand. He a big, gauntman with thick bonywrists andstoopshoulders. Ashort-sleevedcotton shirt revealedhis sinewy arms onwhich the blood-vesselsstood outlike roots. His short pantsshowed his bony-kneed,hard-muscledlegs covered with blackhair. He was acarpenter.He had come homedrunkthenight before. He was not an habitualdrunkard,but nowandthenhe drank great quantitiesofbasi and came home and beat his wifeand children. ~-,,, __ ,. Hewould blame them fortheirhard life and poverty. Youare aprostitute, ~_ he wo~ldr6arat his wife, and as he beat his children,he would shout,I -~. . - will kill you both, you bastards. IfNana Elang venturedto remonstrate, he would beat them harderand curse her forbeing an interferingwhore. I am king in my house,he would say. Nowas he approachedthe two,Ambo coweredbehindhis elder brother.Heheld ontoBaldosundershirt,keeping hiswounded hand at his back,unabletoremove his gazefromhis fathersclose-set,red-specked eyes. The puppy with ayelp slunk between Baldos legs. Baldo looked at the dog, avoidinghis fatherseyes. TangCiaco roaredat them to get away from the dog: Fools! Dont yousee it ismad? Baldo laid ahand onAmbo as they movedback hastily. He wantedto tell his fatherit was not true,thedog was not mad, itwas all Ambos fault,but his tongue refusedtomove. The puppy attemptedto follow them,butTang Ciaco caughtit with a sweepingblow ofthe pieceoffirewood. The puppy wasflung into the air. It rolledover once beforeitfell, howling weakly. Again thechunkoffirewood descended,Tang Ciaco gruntingwith the efforthe put into the blow,and thepuppyceasedtohowl. It lay on its side, feebly moving its jaws from which darkblood oozed. Once moreTang Ciaco raisedhis arm, but Baldo suddenlyclungtoitwith both handsand beggedhim tostop. Enough,father,enough. Dont beat itanymore,he entreated. Tears flowed down his upraisedface. TangCiaco shook him offwith an oath. Baldo fell on his face in the dust. He did notrise, but cried and sobbed and tore his hair.The rays of the risingsun fell brightlyupon him, turnedtogold the dustthat he raised withhiskicking feet. TangCiaco dealt the batteredpuppy anotherblowand at last itlay limpy still. He kickedit over and watchedfor a sign oflife. The puppy did not movewhere it lay twistedon its side. He turnedhis attentionto Baldo. Get up, he said, hoarsely, pushingthe boywith his foot. Baldo was deaf. He went on crying and kickingin the dust. Tang Ciaco struckhim with the pieceofwoodin his handand againtold him toget up. Baldo writhedand cried harder,claspinghis handsover the backofhis head. Tang Ciaco took hold ofone ofthe boys arms and jerkedhim tohis feet. Then he began tobeat him, regardlessofwhere ~,~. the blows fell. ~. .~do encircledhis head with his loose arm and strovetofree  ·~ ·-. hifil8elf,running aroundhisfather,plunging backward, ducking and twisting. Shamelesssonofawhore,Tang Ciacoroared. Stand still, Ill teachyou toobey me. He shortenedhis grip on the arm ofBaldo and laid on his blows. Baldo fell tohis knees,screamingformercy. He called onhis mother tohelp him. NanaElangcame down, but she hesitatedat the footofthe ladder.Ambo rantoher. Youtoo,Tang Ciaco cried,and struckat the fleeing Ambo. The pieceoffirewood caught him behindthe kneesand he fell on his face. Nana Elang ran tothe fallen boyand pickedhim up, brushing his clotheswith her handstoshake offthe dust. TangCiaco pushedBaldo toward her. The boytotteredforward weakly, dazedand trembling. He had ceasedtocry aloud,but he shook with hard,spasmodicsobs which he tried vainly tostop. Heretake yourchild,Tang Ciacosaid, thickly. He faced the curiousstudentsand neighborswhohad gatheredby the sideofthe road. He yelledat them togoaway.He said itwas none of their businessifhe killed his children. They are mine,he shouted. I feed them and Ican do anything Ilike with them. The studentsran hastilytoschool. The neighborsreturnedtotheir work. TangCiaco went tothe house,cursingin aloud voice. Passingthe deadpuppy, he pickeditup byits hind legs and flung it away. The black and whitebody soaredthroughthe sunlitair; fell among the tall corn behindthehouse. Tang Ciaco, still cursingandgrumbling,strode upstairs. He threw the chunkoffirewood besidethe stove. He squatted bythe lowtableand began eating the breakfasthis wifehad preparedfor him.

Globalization Has Meant That the Local Is No Longer Important

Eero Saarinen essays

Eero Saarinen essays Eero Saarinen. What did you think when you heard that? You probably thought, Who is that? I have never heard of him. That is not surprising, because he accomplished many things he is not well known for, unless you do crossword puzzles which are filled with unusual information. If you do know who he is, however, it is probably because of his architecture or his curious furniture. After a very brief overview of Eeros life the focus will be on his work involving Dulles International Airport. Eero Saarinen was born on August 20, 1910, in Kirkkonummi, Finland, to Eliel and Loja Gesellius Saarinen. He and his family moved to the United States and became naturalized citizens in 1923. His father, who was an architect as well, settled near Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, because there was a lot of architectural work needed in that area. Eero Saarinen married Lillian Swann in 1939 and had two children, Eric (1942) and Susan (1945). Eero and Lillian were divorced however, and he eventually married Aline Louchheim and they had a boy named Eames (1954). Saarinen worked on many great architectural designs and won many awards, among these buildings were Dulles International Airport, the Master Plan for the University of Michigan, Drake University, General Motors Technical Center, and Vassar College to name a few. Eero died September 1, 1961, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, after having brain surgery on a tumor The airport was originally in Chantilly, Virginia, and was originally called Washington International Airport but was later named after John Foster Dulles. The building is 600 feet long and has huge columns that stretch up 65 feet to reach the large awning that canopies the large terminal. This was the first airport to be built in which the travelers convenience was considered in every line drawn on the blueprint (Temko Dulles International Airport was construc ...

An Analysis of Psychological Theories with Regard to Sexual Offenders Essay

An Analysis of Psychological Theories with Regard to Sexual Offenders - Essay Example Through the utilization of criminology the ability to illustrate the impact sexual offenders place in society has been predetermined as well, although the statistics change on a yearly basis. However the use of criminology and the many theories from the heart of this identity of the study of crime have developed ways in which to gauge the characteristics, background, and the environment in which the offender might have developed from and also how it might contribute to their sexual offenses against others (Lynch 2002). In this generation, researchers have found various treatment programs which often work well in the attempt to rehabilitate the offender and reintegrate them back into their former communities. However the research will show that this process can be extensive at times and there are many theorizations associated with this type of crime and its occurrence. There have been many theorizations utilized to try and depict the reasons why some people focus on criminal actions that are relative to rape and other forceful sexual encounters as well. Some of these theories are rational theory, female delinquent theory, Structural functionist theory, and many, many others. Some have offered better insight as to why these types of crimes occur and others have just lead to more questions as to the occurrence of this type of crime. With regard to rational theory, many criminal theorists state that sexual offenders are always given the choice whether to commit an act of rape of sexual violence or not, in other words they have the ability to rationalize this type of decision (Barbaree et al 1990). The idea of rational theory developed from the concept of economic theory in the mid 20th century with some of the early founding thinkers being Homans, Blau, and Coleman (Sobel 1994). As was stated, this theory views an act of crime in a way that deciphers the choices and decisions that criminal offenders make subsequent to the criminal act itself. It is seemingly closely connected to the 'Theory of Will' in that it gives the idea that any sexual offender has the mental capacity to make their own decisions between right and wrong and by choosing to bring harm to someone else they are detailing that they are fully aware of the consequences of their actions (Barbaree et al 1990). The main difference between the 'Theory of Free Will' and the theory of 'Rational Choice' is the fact that although the 'Free Will theory' shows that possible offenders do make their own choices in regards to committing a serious crime such as a sexual offence they do not rationalize their decisions and are very impulsive in their actions indicating that their reasoning might not be that of a wholly correct mentally functioning human being that has the ability to weigh right from wrong. Rational choice theory shows that there is no question in

Career Development Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Career Development Plan - Essay Example In developing a career plan it is important to recognize and take advantage of all tools and resources that are available. As a freshman student I will need short term and long term goals, along with flexibility along the way to reach my desired result. It is my intention to become gainfully employed in human resources. In deciding to work in human resources I first had to determine what their role was within a company. Human resources development includes a vast array of assignments within a company but ultimately they are employed to develop, enhance, organize, and mentor for employees within the company. This can include developing training appropriate for employees, coaching, managing benefits, new hire orientations and any activity whose goal is to better an employee. Entry opportunities available are internships within companies who will provide me with hands on training that I will need to be successful. Education that I’m receiving will continue to strengthen my abilities and knowledge. Large companies especially hire interns, aware of the potential and talent that will be developed during the course of my education. Employers look for promising employees during open house sessions, often held on campus, with the intentions of recruiting those interested in human resources and resource development.

Lab report (Using NMR) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

(Using NMR) - Lab Report Example Hydrogen molecule found in the hydro carbon is the most frequently observed nuclear in the NMR spectroscopy (Orrell, Ã…  ik & Stephenson, 2010). A 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy experiments entails a set of NMR methods which offer data that has been plotted in a space which is defined by 2 frequency axes and not a single one. The Methods of NMR that will be utilized in the experiment entails correlation spectroscopy, nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy and the hetero nuclear single quantum correlation spectroscopy. Hetero nuclear single quantum correlation spectroscopy will detect the correlation between the nuclei of 2 different types that are divided by a bond. The method often presents a single peak per pair. The original two dimensional experiments were utilized to identify the nuclei which shared a scalar coupling. The presence of the off-diagonal often correlates the coupled partners (Orrell, Ã…  ik & Stephenson, 2010). The procedure is first conducted by collecting a sample of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that will be sufficient soluble in the solvent that was requested. The samples were prepared in solid, semi-solid or NMR chromatography. The sample was collected in 5mm nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The tubes were labeled with the significant concentric label. The purpose of the tubes being labeled was to ensure that the experiment is curried out sufficiently. The sample collected was sufficient enough to yield better results for the experiment since it was able to form the chromatography. In the C10H18O experiment, the experiment is often utilized to analyze coupling relationships between the protons. Clear solutions have been identified to offer the best results with turbid solutions presenting poor spectrum. To achieve the maximum solution, the solvent with the low viscosity was chosen (Orrell, Ã…  ik & Stephenson, 2010). In cases where the signal

Economic Problems Solved By Various Societies Economics Essay

Economic Problems Solved By Various Societies Economics Essay The recent turbulence in financial markets in most developed economies has shown that market forces are no better at solving societys economics than any other mechanism This question relates to how economic problems are solved by various societies. An economics system is a countrys plan to answer the economic problems of what should be produced, how and for whom; it is an Organized  way in which a state or  nation  allocates  it resources  and apportions  goods  and  services  in the society. There are three major types of economy, a free market economy, a planned economy and a mixed economy. A free market economy  is a system for  allocating goods within a society which is mainly driven by  supply and demand; purchasing power within the market determines who gets what is produced, rather than the state. Examples of these economies are US, France. In this type of economic system, speculation, assumptions, and market forces are significant in determining economic growth. The aim of a market economy is to reduce or be completely devoid of all pre-determined prices for some products, and the level of regulation is minimal. 2The role of the  government in a market economy is to ensure that the market is stable enough to carry out its economic activities properly. Free-market economics is closely associated with laissez fair economic philosophy, which limits government involvement in economic matters to regulating This system has the biggest advantage of rewarding hard work and consumers getting what they can afford rather than giving everyone the same thing. It leads to growth through individual prosperity but monopolies arise and distort the market The next economic system is the planned economy, in this kind of economy the major decisions such as the goods, production method, distribution and the prices of the goods, all these important decisions are made by the government. Countries such as the old USSR and North Korea have a totalitarian government with socialist economies, where the government fix prices from the procurement of raw materials to the price its sold to the consumer. It is usually stable; it aims to meet a collective objective rather than individual needs, under such a system, rewards, whether wages or perquisites, are to be distributed according to the value that the state ascribes to the service performance. And finally a Mixed Economy, it is an Economic system in which resources are more equally divided between private and government ownership. This system integrates both elements of the market and planned economies in one organized system seeking to reach a balance between them. The business sector and the government play an important role in decision making as regards to the economy but a mixed economy results in neither business entities nor the government controlling the  economic  activities of that country. In a mixed economy, there is a lot of flexibility in certain sectors and in other sectors government control exists. Free market economy compared to a planned economy or a mixed economy has it its various advantages and disadvantages; A planned economy in theory appears more stable than the other two because it is not subject to various economic crises that the market economy and a mixed economy face, i.e. the business cycles such as the housing market bubble and the recession with high rate of unemployment There is also a question of efficiency, free markets and mixed economies contrast sharply with  controlled markets  , in which governments directly or indirectly regulate prices or supplies, which according to free-market theory causes markets to be less efficient. ; It  also lacks innovation that the other two systems possess, free market and mixed economies encourage specialization of labour, eliminate costly and complex bureaucracy. However, a planned economy has some advantages over the free market system in regard to efficiency; a planned economy  aims to use all existing resources for manufacturing public goods rather than directing some of those resources to advertising or marketing. It appears that a free market system could lead to more inequality due to the uneven distribution of power and wealth; property owner, big business shareholders will have access or gain more power compared to the less well off. A disadvantage of a market economic system is that, though competing firms try to be efficient to keep costs and prices low, it sometimes creates a monopoly, a few large firms may hike prices, sometimes pricing a certain part of the society out of various products. A planned economy on the other hand , national income could be distributed more equally in accordance with needs; public goods that would be described as necessities such as health care, In a planned economy, state planners would allocate state resources toward public goods and state projects, this might not necessarily be available in a market economy, or might require precise government provision (which then makes it a mixed economy), in a mixed economy, the government would have to achieve this goal through taxation or inflation. Mixed and free market economies are flexible, production reacts almost immediately to the movement of demand; a planned economy lacks the kind of flexibility and because of this, it reacts slower to changes in consumer needs and variable patterns of demand and supply. A planned economy eliminates the individual profit motives as the driving force of production and places it in the hands of the state planners to determine what is the appropriate production of different sets of goods; on the other hand because a market economy is profit oriented, it leads to innovation and creativity which a planned economy lacks. In a mixed or market economy, there is a plethora of choices, it lets the consumer choose according to their preferences which is evident through the interaction between supply and demand but a planned economy more often than not cannot detect consumer preferences. A free market system might not be better than a planned economy or a mixed one, it all lies in the balance, and no one system can guarantee absolute success. The market economy is clearly the system of choice in todays global marketplace but mixed economies should be encouraged which is largely what countries like France, U.K and the US practice, there is a considerable amount of government interventions to ensure stability although they could be classified as practicing a free market system because they allow market forces drive their economic activities. What the financial meltdown of 2007-2010 showed was that a totally free market doesnt necessarily make the best system. With some of the developed countries manufacturing less and relying more on financial services as the basis for their economic growth, for examples the UK, leaving the various financial institutions with little or no regulations has left the consumers exposed and the world economy in tatters. In conclusion, having a system where the government step in with regulations is imperative to prevent this sort of melt down in the near future. There ought to be directives and regulatory bodies to police the activities of private business enough to protect the end user and the economy but not too much, so as not to stifle growth. Free market system has shown it is not fail proof just as much as a command economy is not. A market economy combined with some degree of regulation, and special directives to stabilize prices by the government to protect people with low income can provide idyllic circumstances for developing countries like India, Brazil, China and other South East Asian countries to attain growth and prosperity.

Key Elements of Style :: Compare Contrast Strunk White Grace Essays

Key Elements of Style William Strunk and E.B. White's handbook The Elements of Style, and Joseph Williams's book Style Toward Clarity and Grace, are both full of good tips on how to improve writing style. The Elements of Style has some good information on how to make writing more vigorous and forceful, but it also contains a lot of opinions on word choice that seem frivolous. Although the advice may not be helpful, Strunk and White's strongly worded opinions are part of what makes their book enjoyable to read. Of the two, Williams's book is better at describing how to actually form better sentences and paragraphs. Before reading these books, I was of the opinion that everyone had their own writing style. Strunk, White, and Williams make it apparent however, that there are rules every writer can incorporate into their style to help make their writing more clear and direct. Both books contain helpful guidelines for improving writing style, but as Strunk and White say, "the first piece of advice is this: to achieve style, begin by affecting none (70)." Two lines that sum up what Strunk and White want to get across to their readers are, "Brevity is a by product of vigor (19)," and "omit needless words (23)." These authors are all about writing short, concise sentences. When this is done, they believe the product will be clear, forceful writing. They have some good tips on how to achieve this goal. The first is to omit the phrase "the fact that." They feel it "is an especially debilitating expression. It should be revised out of every sentence in which it occurs (24)." They then proceed to demonstrate how "the fact that" can be revised into shorter, clearer phrases. The above quote demonstrates the tone for much of The Elements of Style. Strunk and White remind me of a stuffy high school English teacher I once had, who used to embarrass students by making similar comments. At first I resented this, but after realizing the authors were no chastising me in front of any class, I grew to find comments like this amusing. Another good tip that is included in both books is to "put statements in positive form. Make definite assertions (Strunk 19)." Said another way, write without using the word "not." Again, Strunk and White provide many good examples on how to look for, and achieve this goal.

Fear of Heights

Many individuals suffer from a phobia or a natural fear of something or a current situation that they may have been in or are in currently. One of the most common phobias is having a fear of heights, also called Acrophobia. Acrophobia is often mislabeled as vertigo. Researchers have said that â€Å"those with an extreme fear of heights, that the stronger their fear is, the bigger the error could be (Callaway, 2009). The fear of heights in different learning perspectivesSomeone that is truly associated with acrophobia can go into panic mode when having to face that fear, normally right away their first thought is to grab ahold of something to help them feel more secure, but then there are others that will start shaking, sweating, holler, panic, or even break down and cry. When the individual that has this phobia starts to show all those signs that is their unconditioned responses starting to show. (Fritscher. 2011) The system that helps alert us is the unconditioned stimulus.  (Rud en, 2012)At times their unconditioned stimulus will kick in to say and make them panic to the extreme levels of them crawling around on all fours or even as so much lay in a fetal position (Fritscher, 2011). Although every person handles their phobia in a different manner, most still find it difficult to trust in their own sense of balance and when this occurs, they can’t think properly because they are trying to deal with the fear of heights. (Fritscher, 2011). An example could be that someone went on vacation, they went to New York with their family.Anyone that goes to New York more than likely knows about the many skyscrapers, one being The Empire State building. That building in particular has 102 floors and has about 1, 860 steps from top to bottom and stands tall at 1, 454 feet (www. esbnyc. com). Now, most that have acrophobia, their unconditioned responses kick in, they start thinking the worse possible thoughts. If they are using the elevator to reach the different l evels building, then you will start to see the signs of an unconditioned response kick in.They will shake, sweat, hard to calm down and will have the fear of not being able to hold onto things. If they are using the steps to reach the different levels, that individual could very well start thinking if the possibility of a fire occurring. Not knowing what level the fire could possibly be on, they start to panic and stop thinking clearly and if they are giving directions over a loud speaker, their fear is going to already be showing and they may not be listening very well to hear the instructions that are given.When we start thinking along the lines of conditioned responses, we could use visiting a skyscraper as an example as well. We can use an individual’s response when they do start to panic, sweat, crawl on all fours or even be in the fetal position. We can associate the conditioned stimulus to their fear of heights and know when they show those symptoms that is their condi tioned response to facing their fear (McLeod, 2008).Certain situations may become helpful and if the individual trust you enough to help them, allowing them to face their fears can be beneficial, but if the individual starts to panic moving he or she to a safe location will allow them to relax and regain their thoughts (Ruden, 2012) When individuals have the fear of heights, it is critical for them to seek some sort of therapy to help treat the anxiety that comes along with phoebe (Ruden, 2012) When trying to find treatment for acrophobia, he or she will find that it is normal to go through a behavioral program.The program with help to slowly expose an individual to different situations such as taking them to heights, allowing the person to express their fears and concerns all the while of teaching that individual relaxation tips that will help them remain in a calm state and be able to help themselves to overcome the fear that they have (Bailey, 2008).

Youve Got an Interview - Now What

Youve Got an Interview - Now What What excitement! After pouring over classified ads for jobs for what seems like an eternity and putting in applications, you have an interview scheduled for a job you would really like to get. Now is the time to prepare so you can ace it. The recruiter’s job is to find the best person for the position, so your focus should be to prove you’re just that. Here are a few handy tips for how you can  impress the interviewer with your preparation and poise.1. Check Out the CompanyYou don’t want to go in for your interview without doing some research on the company. While having good background information is necessary, you are also finding out about the company culture. Don’t just look at the company website. Check out the blog page, Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter pages, along with the YouTube channel if the company has one. Employee photos can tell you about dress style, the way employees interact with each other, and other information you can use to your adv antage.2. Find Out Who Is Doing the InterviewingThe way you respond to interview questions depends on the interviewer. Is it the CEO of the company, a hiring manager, or the person who will be supervising your job? It can make a difference, since you want to make a connection with that person. Tailoring  your answers to a specific individual, such as talking about how you would be a good person to handle job duties when talking to a supervisor, can leave a positive impression.3. Research the Salary RangeOne subject that can make you uncomfortable is asking for a particular salary. Do a little research beforehand on the typical range paid for the job you seek. By submitting a range, it gives the company some leeway and makes it more likely you will get a job offer.4. Be on TimeTo make a good impression, it’s important to be on time for your interview. You won’t arrive nervous, and you’ll have  a chance to freshen up if you desire. Showing up a few minutes ear ly also gives you a chance to look around and get acclimated.5. Make a Positive ImpressionFrom the receptionist to the interviewer, you want to watch your body language, smile, make eye contact, and be friendly. Remember to shake hands with the interviewer and use a firm (but not too firm) grip. You’ll be talking quite a bit to answer questions and ask your own during the interview. If someone offers you something to drink, accept it as you would in someone’s home- it will  soothe your  parched throat as you extol how you would be a positive addition to the company.6. Be PreparedBring a few extras along with you to the interview, such as a notebook and pen in case you want to take notes. Whether applying for a job in finance, an office manager job, or any other job type, taking notes can help you remember important details. An extra copy or two of your resume might also be a good idea, along with examples of what you have accomplished in previous jobs. You might al so want to bring along a list of questions you want to ask.7. Ask QuestionsHaving  curiosity about a job shows you are interested. Come prepared with a list of questions so you can  ask about anything that needs clarification. This might include daily office routines, company policies, or the timeline for choosing a candidate for the position. When the interview is over, remember to ask when you might hear back about your prospects for the job.8. Follow UpIt is just good manners to follow up an interview with a thank you note. While you can send notes in the form of an email, make sure to send them separately to each individual who was present during your interview. This more personal approach will stand out.

investing 101 essays

investing 101 essays UNDERSTANDING SECURITIES AND SECURITIES MARKETS The Fed exercises control over money and financial markets using a limited range of indirect tools: open market operations, discount rates, reserve requirements, and margin requirements. Open market operations - consisting of the buying or selling of US government securities, usually on a short-term temporary basis, to either reduce or increase the amount of free cash in the system - are the most frequently used means of fine-tuning financial activity. (The sale of securities reduces cash in the system while the purchase of securities adds actual cash to the system, allowing banks to fund loans.) Most such transactions are conducted through repurchase agreements, which are agreements to buy and then resell securities over a specified period, often as short as overnight. [Bureau of Public Debt] DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMMON STOCK, PREFERRED STOCK, AND BONDS Common Stocks Common stocks constitute the majority of equity securities. These instruments represent a comparative share of ownership of the net assets of the corporation. Common stocks may or may not pay cash dividends, which are usually based on the level of profits. US corporations usually declare and pay dividends quarterly on a regular schedule, although they may declare special dividends at other times. Dividends may also be declared in additional shares of stock. Common stock carries with it limited liability, because shareholders cannot lose more than the value of their investment and are not liable for excess debt, losses, or judgments against the corporation. Common stock may be issued with a par value or with no par, or base, value; as a practical matter, this issue is of no concern to the shareholder. In general, common stock is freely transferable and can be bought by anyone and sold to any willing buyer. Some stock issued or used for special purposes is known as restricted stock, which cannot be sold or otherwise t...

The Main Components of the EPA's Prescribed Waste Regulations Assignment

The Main Components of the EPA's Prescribed Waste Regulations - Assignment Example Batteries rules affect every person utilizing these commodities regardless of the level of use. The rules aim at regulating and making certain that the batteries are disposed of in environmentally friendly approaches. Biological diversity regulations offer conservation of natural diversity, sustainability and evenhanded distribution of resources. Wide life rules offer protection to all animals within the natural habitat regardless of their size and habitat. Forest acts offer protection towards conservation of forests. Merchant shipping rules offer to reduce waste that arises from ships within the coastal regions. The water acts offer protection to all water sources by preventing pollution. The air acts protect the ecosystem by curbing any possible air pollutions. The waste product is any redundant, cast off, dumped, unwarranted or excess material whether or not deliberated for trade or for recycling, reclamation, recuperation or decontamination by an independent process from that which created the material. Waste products can also be deemed to be everything affirmed by directive or environmental, safety guidelines to be waste, regardless of whether they are worthy or not. Waste products are any material regardless of the state in which it is liberated, emanated or accumulated in the surroundings, in volume component or manner that can cause a change in the environment. Waste products cause pollution in the case where they are poorly managed. Situational barriers hinder recyclers from creating effective recycling systems mainly due to deficiency of certain components that play a significant role. The deficiency is addressed at the level at which recycling occurs. At the lowest level, which is the home recycling, lack of materials such as numerous and large containers, little space to keep the wastes to be recycled, portable containers appreciably affects the establishment of effectual systems. At the higher-level, a low collection of waste from the local and municipal systems, hinder the firms that recycle from establishing an effectual system.

Perceptions of the food marketing environment among African American Essay

Perceptions of the food marketing environment among African American teen girls and adults review and analysis - Essay Example The critique is done from a qualitative perspective, making use of a standardized framework for critiquing qualitative research articles. Basically, the framework is applied in such a way that it posses qualitative questions about the article and attempts to answer these from the researcher’s view point. The questions used in the framework are provided at the appendix section of this paper. It would be noted that as far as the positioning of the researchers epistemologically is concerned, they tried though the creation of hypotheses to find knowledge with which data was collected to identify its limits and validity. This was done in a very broad and open ended manner so as to ensure that the nature and grounds of knowledge that was being tested was based on the broader scope of the research problem that they were working with. Because qualitative studies have often been criticized as being more subjective rather than objective, the researchers attempted through their sampling method to ensure that there was much objectivity with the data collection process as possible. Generally, the researchers positioned themselves as facilitators who only ensured the free flow of the data collection process, rather than becoming active participants or influencing the actual content of data that was included in the study. To this end, the photographic technique and discussion methods used were largely executed among the respondents themselves. Theoretically, the researchers set their work on the stage of the influence of food advertisement on people. The aims or rationale for this theoretical perspective was identified as the direct relationship that food advertisement and for that matter food marketing environment has on the health of people, especially the African American female population. The theoretical perspective that was selected gave the researchers a multi-diverse area of research, which included health implications of the food marketing environment among Af rican American teen girls and adults. Even though the researchers attempt to make the purpose and problem of the study clearly known in their introduction, they make no attempt to do this by clearly and explicitly stating this as research objectives or research questions. Meanwhile in qualitative research of this nature, the use of specific objectives and research questions have been found to be very useful setting a scope for the researcher in terms of areas to limit themselves to in the data collection process. It also makes the assessment of the achievability of the research problem easier (Kwate and Loh, 2010). For a qualitative research, the method used by the researchers, which was the photographic technique and discussion method, can be identified as highly suitable for the context of the study. This is because these two methods ensured that much focus was given to the respondents and their socio-cultural behavioral attitudes when it comes to food marketing environment. The m ethods were also highly interactive, making participation very proactive and ensuring that better rapport was created between respondents and researchers. There was no audit trail used in the study. Somehow, this could be said to have affected the data collecti